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Understanding Uterine Fibroids: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options
What Are Uterine Fibroids?
Uterine fibroids are non-cancerous tumors that grow within or around the uterus. These growths, also known as leiomyomas or myomas, are made up of muscle and connective tissue. Although fibroids are usually harmless, they can sometimes lead to uncomfortable symptoms and fertility challenges.
Types of Uterine Fibroids
Fibroids are classified based on their location within the uterus:
- Intramural Fibroids: Develop within the muscular wall of the uterus and are the most common type.
- Submucosal Fibroids: Grow just beneath the inner lining of the uterus and can protrude into the uterine cavity, often causing heavy menstrual bleeding and fertility issues.
- Subserosal Fibroids: Form on the outer surface of the uterus and can press against surrounding organs, leading to pelvic pain and frequent urination.
- Pedunculated Fibroids: Attached to the uterus by a stalk-like structure, these fibroids can grow either inside or outside the uterine cavity and may cause pain if the stalk becomes twisted.
Symptoms of uterine fibroids
The symptoms of uterine fibroids vary depending on the size, number, and location of the fibroids
Symptoms include:
- Heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding
- Pelvic pain or pressure
- Frequent urination or difficulty emptying the bladder
- Constipation
- Backache or leg pains
- Pain during intercourse
- Enlarged abdomen or a feeling of fullness in the lower abdomen
If you are experiencing these symptoms, Dr. Roshi Satija, a fertility specialist, can help determine the cause of your discomfort and provide effective treatment that will reduce your discomfort and improve your well-being.
Causes and Risk Factors
The exact cause of uterine fibroids remains unknown, but several factors may contribute to their development:
- Hormonal Factors: Estrogen and progesterone, hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle, appear to promote the growth of fibroids.
- Genetic Predisposition: A family history of fibroids increases the likelihood of developing them.
- Age and Ethnicity: Fibroids are more common in women aged 30–50 and are particularly prevalent among women of African descent.
- Lifestyle Factors: Obesity and early onset of menstruation have been associated with a higher risk of fibroids.
How are uterine fibroids diagnosed?
Uterine fibroids can be diagnosed by:
Pelvic exam: Examining the uterus for abnormalities.
Ultrasound: Provides detailed images of fibroids.
MRI: Provides clear images of large fibroids or complex problems.
Hysteroscopy: Provides direct visualization of fibroids inside the uterus.
With advanced diagnostic equipment, Dr. Roshi Satija provides accurate diagnosis and tailors treatment plans to each patient’s needs.
What are the complications of uterine fibroids?
Although fibroids are usually benign, they can cause problems such as:
- Severe anemia due to heavy bleeding.
- Infertility problems or recurrent miscarriages.
- Increases the risk of pregnancy complications such as premature birth.
- Pelvic pain and pressure.
If you have concerns about these issues, Dr. Roshi Satija, who specializes in treating uterine fibroids and their effects on fertility and overall health.
What is uterine fibroid pain like?
Uterine fibroid pain is often described as:
- Severe cramping during pregnancy.
- Dull or sharp pain in the abdomen.
- Fibroids can cause severe pain if they grow beyond the bloodstream.
Pregnancy and uterine fibroids
Uterine fibroids can affect pregnancy in the following ways:
There is a risk of miscarriage- It can lead to problems like premature birth or abnormal development of the baby.
Making deliveries difficult - If you are planning to get pregnant and have uterine fibroids, Dr. Roshi Satija can provide special care to increase your chances of conceiving.
Prevent Uterine Fibroids
To reduce your risk of uterine fibroids:
- Stay at a healthy weight.
- Eat a balanced diet that includes plenty of fruits and vegetables.
- Manage stress and balance hormones.
Roshi Satija is a preventive health expert who helps women make lifestyle changes to reduce their risk.
How big do uterine fibroids have to be to require surgery?
Surgery is usually recommended for fibroids that are larger than 5 centimeters or that are causing severe symptoms, infertility or discomfort. Roshi Satija provides expert guidance on whether surgery is necessary and recommends the least invasive treatment for your condition.
Uterine Fibroid Surgery
Surgical options include:
- Myomectomy: Removes fibroids while preserving the uterus.
- Hysterectomy: Complete removal of the uterus for severe cases.
Minimally Invasive Surgeries: Laparoscopy or robotic-assisted surgery.
Learn More on Fibroids
FAQ's
Can fibroids cause infertility?
Yes, they can interfere with conception or implantation, but treatments are available.
What’s the best treatment for fibroids?
Treatment varies by case, but options include medications, embolization, and surgery.
Can fibroids shrink naturally?
Yes, after menopause, fibroids often shrink due to reduced estrogen.
Are fibroids cancerous?
No, fibroids are benign and rarely turn into cancer.
How do I know if I have fibroids?
Symptoms like heavy periods or pelvic pain could indicate fibroids; diagnosis requires a doctor’s evaluation.
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IVF Specialist: Dr. Roshi Satija
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